Pick one of these moments, settings or relationships from Measure for Measure to investigate how they have been staged in performance.

As you explore you will find picture galleries from past productions and things to consider as you look at these.

  • Crime and Punishment

    Investigate this world

    How has the prison and the world of crime and punishment been represented and staged?

    When Angelo takes power he begins to strictly enforce the law. As a result, the prison fills up with people and becomes a hectic and vibrant place, filled with citizens who are accused of 'lechery' and being bawds. This includes people like Claudio, who faces the death penalty for adultery, alongside prostitutes, brothel owners like Mistress Overdone and pimps like Pompey.

    Take a look at the Things to Consider and investigate the different ways we’ve created the prison on stage in past productions in this picture gallery.

    Things to consider

    As you look through the images from past productions of Measure for Measure, think about:

    • The size and scale of the prison and the number of arrests that are happening. How have different productions worked to show that the prisons are more full under Angelo than they were before? How is this new regime and its impact shown in the prison setting?
    • Most of these images focus on the scene in which the Provost and the friar send the wrong head to Angelo to convince him that Claudio has been executed. These scenes can sometimes be comical, but how do they create a sense of the reality in the prison? How do they make you feel about Claudio and Isabella's plight and about Angelo?
    • How different productions show the types of people present in the prison. One sign that the prisons are over-populated is the way in which Pompey is given the chance to train as an assistant to the executioner. It also suggests the executioner needs more help than ever before, but creates an interesting dynamic between criminals now in positions of trust, criminals who have always been imprisoned and the wardens and authorities witnessing these changes. How is this shown in these different productions? Is it clear who is professional and who is not?

    How would you choose to stage this world and what choices would you make to help show recent changes and dynamics?

  • Morality and Religion

    Investigate these themes

    How are religion and morality presented and used in the play?

    We first meet Isabella at the convent of St Clares, home to a particularly strict order of nuns called the ‘Poor Clares’. This scene, immediately following the duke’s visit to a monastery, creates an important contrast to the vibrant scenes on the streets of Vienna with Pompey and Mistress Overdone and sets up a world of moral rules that the characters in the play can follow or break.

    The duke himself also uses the guise of a friar to lie to and deceive Isabella, Mariana and other characters, while he is spying in Vienna. Angelo, also deeply religious, uses his faith to justify the harsh penalties he puts in place to punish crimes like adultery.

    Take a look at the Things to Consider and investigate the different ways we’ve created this theme on stage in past productions in this picture gallery.

    Things to consider

    As you look through the images from past productions of Measure for Measure, think about:

    • The duke's disguise. In the images of the duke dressed as a friar, how has his outward appearance been changed? Do you think this works as an effective disguise? Being dressed this way helps the duke to gain access to the prison, where the prisoners might need or want prayer and religious guidance.
    • The presentation of the Poor Clares and Isabella. Several of these images show the nuns at the convent in the opening scenes of the play, when Isabella learns what has happened to Claudio. How have different productions sought to show the strict nature of the order and Isabella's commitment? In what ways does this contrast with the world of the brothels and the prison that the play also shows? Is there a contrast in colour, costume or lighting that draws out the comparison between the immoral and the morally righteous world of religion?
    • How would you choose to create a contrast or comparison between the convent and the religious world that Isabella inhabits and the world of the streets and the brothels? Religion and a sense of morality motivates so many of the characters, including Angelo and Isabella, so how would you try to show the presence of 'faith' and religion in your staging of the play? How important might the duke's disguise be in reminding the audience of that influence?

  • Mariana pleads with Isabella

    Investigate this relationship

    How have Mariana and Isabella been represented on stage?

    This is a very public moment for both women and they are the only two women on stage. The duke has made Angelo marry Mariana so she can inherit everything when he is executed but Mariana doesn’t want Angelo to die. The duke has refused to listen to her and she turns to Isabella for help in pleading for Angelo’s life.

    Take a look at the Things to Consider and investigate the different ways we’ve staged the relationship of Mariana and Isabella in past productions in this picture gallery.

    Things to consider

    As you look through the images from past productions of Measure for Measure, think about:

    • What appearance both women have. Can their costumes reflect their different characters? What qualities do Mariana and Isabella have that could be shown in how they look?
    • Whether some productions are very different or if there are lots of similarities. In the 2019 production, which was set in Vienna in the 1900s, the design team chose very different looks for Isabella and Mariana in Act 5 Scene 1 - from their colour schemes to their hair styles. What effect do you think this has?
    • How the two women behave physically onstage. Who do we notice more when they are together? How can a director change that by placing them differently on stage? Think about how their relationship develops as the events of the play unfold. Does Isabella feel sorry for Mariana? Does Mariana get stronger? How could you show this physically to an audience and in which moments?
  • Angelo and Isabella’s first meeting

    Investigate this moment

    How has the first meeting of Angelo and Isabella been staged?

    Isabella first visits Angelo with Lucio as her escort. This meeting is much more public than their next meeting, but provides a catalyst for the action of the play. In these moments, Isabella employs a number of different tactics to try and convince Angelo that Claudio should live, and he grows more and more attracted to her. As the scene ends, he asks her to return for a second meeting which leaves Isabella hopeful and then delivers a soliloquy declaring his feelings for her.

    Take a look at the Things to Consider and investigate the different ways we’ve created this moment on stage in past productions in this picture gallery.

    Things to consider

    As you look through the images from past productions of Measure for Measure, think about:

    • The number of people in the scene. Lucio offers a lot of asides in this scene, encouraging Isabella to talk to Angelo and persuade him. How obvious is his presence and who else is in the room? How much of the focus is on Angelo and Isabella and what does this reveal about them?
    • How Angelo and Isabella both look. What clues have the costume department offered about their characters through their appearance? In the 2019 production, for example, Angelo is dressed in his official clothing and is listening to a number of petitions which emphasises his responsibility in this scene, and his position as a figure of authority who should be supporting citizens not condemning them. What effect does this have?
    • How would you choose to stage this moment and what choices would you make to help show the underlying motives of both central characters? How important is their audience, including Lucio, and how might you show this?

Teacher Notes

The following interviews and insights will help students to understand how a design is created, using the 2011 production as an example.

Designing the Production (2011)

This exploration can be found on pages 12-13.